Core function words

This group supplies the small Targumic words that determine the structure of a line. יאת/ית identifies a definite object; ד־/די links words and clauses; ארי often explains or gives a reason; קדם establishes a spatial or relational “before.” The learner should encounter each inside Hebrew–Targum parallels so the function is visible. לא, מן, על, עם, כל, עד round out the working set. Exact pointing and preferred spelling must follow the selected Targum edition.